Fundamentals Of Heat And Mass Transfer

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  1. Fundamentals Of Heat And Mass Transfer Chegg

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Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer.

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Published:Hoboken, NJ :John Wiley,c2011
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Fundamentals Of Heat And Mass Transfer Chegg

  • Machine generated contents note:
  • ch. 1
  • Introduction
  • 1.1.
  • What and How?
  • 1.2.
  • Physical Origins and Rate Equations
  • 1.2.1.
  • Conduction
  • 1.2.2.
  • Convection
  • 1.2.3.
  • Radiation
  • 1.2.4.
  • Thermal Resistance Concept
  • 1.3.
  • Relationship to Thermodynamics
  • 1.3.1.
  • Relationship to the First Law of Thermodynamics (Conservation of Energy)
  • 1.3.2.
  • Relationship to the Second Law of Thermodynamics and the Efficiency of Heat Engines
  • 1.4.
  • Units and Dimensions
  • 1.5.
  • Analysis of Heat Transfer Problems: Methodology
  • 1.6.
  • Relevance of Heat Transfer
  • 1.7.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 2
  • Introduction to Conduction
  • 2.1.
  • Conduction Rate Equation
  • 2.2.
  • Thermal Properties of Matter
  • 2.2.1.
  • Thermal Conductivity
  • 2.2.2.
  • Other Relevant Properties
  • 2.3.
  • Heat Diffusion Equation
  • 2.4.
  • Boundary and Initial Conditions
  • 2.5.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 3
  • One-Dimensional, Steady-State Conduction
  • 3.1.
  • Plane Wall
  • 3.1.1.
  • Temperature Distribution
  • 3.1.2.
  • Thermal Resistance
  • 3.1.3.
  • Composite Wall
  • 3.1.4.
  • Contact Resistance
  • 3.1.5.
  • Porous Media
  • 3.2.
  • Alternative Conduction Analysis
  • 3.3.
  • Radial Systems
  • 3.3.1.
  • Cylinder
  • 3.3.2.
  • Sphere
  • 3.4.
  • Summary of One-Dimensional Conduction Results
  • 3.5.
  • Conduction with Thermal Energy Generation
  • 3.5.1.
  • Plane Wall
  • 3.5.2.
  • Radial Systems
  • 3.5.3.
  • Tabulated Solutions
  • 3.5.4.
  • Application of Resistance Concepts
  • 3.6.
  • Heat Transfer from Extended Surfaces
  • 3.6.1.
  • General Conduction Analysis
  • 3.6.2.
  • Fins of Uniform Cross-Sectional Area
  • 3.6.3.
  • Fin Performance
  • 3.6.4.
  • Fins of Nonuniform Cross-Sectional Area
  • 3.6.5.
  • Overall Surface Efficiency
  • 3.7.
  • Bioheat Equation
  • 3.8.
  • Thermoelectric Power Generation
  • 3.9.
  • Micro- and Nanoscale Conduction
  • 3.9.1.
  • Conduction Through Thin Gas Layers
  • 3.9.2.
  • Conduction Through Thin Solid Films
  • 3.10.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 4
  • Two-Dimensional, Steady-State Conduction
  • 4.1.
  • Alternative Approaches
  • 4.2.
  • Method of Separation of Variables
  • 4.3.
  • Conduction Shape Factor and the Dimensionless Conduction Heat Rate
  • 4.4.
  • Finite-Difference Equations
  • 4.4.1.
  • Nodal Network
  • 4.4.2.
  • Finite-Difference Form of the Heat Equation
  • 4.4.3.
  • Energy Balance Method
  • 4.5.
  • Solving the Finite-Difference Equations
  • 4.5.1.
  • Formulation as a Matrix Equation
  • 4.5.2.
  • Verifying the Accuracy of the Solution
  • 4.6.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • 4S.1.
  • Graphical Method
  • 4S.1.1.
  • Methodology of Constructing a Flux Plot
  • 4S.1.2.
  • Determination of the Heat Transfer Rate
  • 4S.1.3.
  • Conduction Shape Factor
  • 4S.2.
  • Gauss-Seidel Method: Example of Usage
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 5
  • Transient Conduction
  • 5.1.
  • Lumped Capacitance Method
  • 5.2.
  • Validity of the Lumped Capacitance Method
  • 5.3.
  • General Lumped Capacitance Analysis
  • 5.3.1.
  • Radiation Only
  • 5.3.2.
  • Negligible Radiation
  • 5.3.3.
  • Convection Only with Variable Convection Coefficient
  • 5.3.4.
  • Additional Considerations
  • 5.4.
  • Spatial Effects
  • 5.5.
  • Plane Wall with Convection
  • 5.5.1.
  • Exact Solution
  • 5.5.2.
  • Approximate Solution
  • 5.5.3.
  • Total Energy Transfer
  • 5.5.4.
  • Additional Considerations
  • 5.6.
  • Radial Systems with Convection
  • 5.6.1.
  • Exact Solutions
  • 5.6.2.
  • Approximate Solutions
  • 5.6.3.
  • Total Energy Transfer
  • 5.6.4.
  • Additional Considerations
  • 5.7.
  • Semi-Infinite Solid
  • 5.8.
  • Objects with Constant Surface Temperatures or Surface Heat Fluxes
  • 5.8.1.
  • Constant Temperature Boundary Conditions
  • 5.8.2.
  • Constant Heat Flux Boundary Conditions
  • 5.8.3.
  • Approximate Solutions
  • 5.9.
  • Periodic Heating
  • 5.10.
  • Finite-Difference Methods
  • 5.10.1.
  • Discretization of the Heat Equation: The Explicit Method
  • 5.10.2.
  • Discretization of the Heat Equation: The Implicit Method
  • 5.11.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • 5S.1.
  • Graphical Representation of One-Dimensional, Transient Conduction in the Plane Wall, Long Cylinder, and Sphere
  • 5S.2.
  • Analytical Solutions of Multidimensional Effects
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 6
  • Introduction to Convection
  • 6.1.
  • Convection Boundary Layers
  • 6.1.1.
  • Velocity Boundary Layer
  • 6.1.2.
  • Thermal Boundary Layer
  • 6.1.3.
  • Concentration Boundary Layer
  • 6.1.4.
  • Significance of the Boundary Layers
  • 6.2.
  • Local and Average Convection Coefficients
  • 6.2.1.
  • Heat Transfer
  • 6.2.2.
  • Mass Transfer
  • 6.2.3.
  • Problem of Convection
  • 6.3.
  • Laminar and Turbulent Flow
  • 6.3.1.
  • Laminar and Turbulent Velocity Boundary Layers
  • 6.3.2.
  • Laminar and Turbulent Thermal and Species Concentration Boundary Layers
  • 6.4.
  • Boundary Layer Equations
  • 6.4.1.
  • Boundary Layer Equations for Laminar Flow
  • 6.4.2.
  • Compressible Flow
  • 6.5.
  • Boundary Layer Similarity: The Normalized Boundary Layer Equations
  • 6.5.1.
  • Boundary Layer Similarity Parameters
  • 6.5.2.
  • Functional Form of the Solutions
  • 6.6.
  • Physical Interpretation of the Dimensionless Parameters
  • 6.7.
  • Boundary Layer Analogies
  • 6.7.1.
  • Heat and Mass Transfer Analogy
  • 6.7.2.
  • Evaporative Cooling
  • 6.7.3.
  • Reynolds Analogy
  • 6.8.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • 6S.1.
  • Derivation of the Convection Transfer Equations
  • 6S.1.1.
  • Conservation of Mass
  • 6S.1.2.
  • Newton's Second Law of Motion
  • 6S.1.3.
  • Conservation of Energy
  • 6S.1.4.
  • Conservation of Species
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 7
  • External Flow
  • 7.1.
  • Empirical Method
  • 7.2.
  • Flat Plate in Parallel Flow
  • 7.2.1.
  • Laminar Flow over an Isothermal Plate: A Similarity Solution
  • 7.2.2.
  • Turbulent Row over an Isothermal Plate
  • 7.2.3.
  • Mixed Boundary Layer Conditions
  • 7.2.4.
  • Unheated Starting Length
  • 7.2.5.
  • Flat Plates with Constant Heat Flux Conditions
  • 7.2.6.
  • Limitations on Use of Convection Coefficients
  • 7.3.
  • Methodology for a Convection Calculation
  • 7.4.
  • Cylinder in Cross Flow
  • 7.4.1.
  • Flow Considerations
  • 7.4.2.
  • Convection Heat and Mass Transfer
  • 7.5.
  • Sphere
  • 7.6.
  • Flow Across Banks of Tubes
  • 7.7.
  • Impinging Jets
  • 7.7.1.
  • Hydrodynamic and Geometric Considerations
  • 7.7.2.
  • Convection Heat and Mass Transfer
  • 7.8.
  • Packed Beds
  • 7.9.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 8
  • Internal Flow
  • 8.1.
  • Hydrodynamic Considerations
  • 8.1.1.
  • Flow Conditions
  • 8.1.2.
  • Mean Velocity
  • 8.1.3.
  • Velocity Profile in the Fully Developed Region
  • 8.1.4.
  • Pressure Gradient and Friction Factor in Fully Developed Flow
  • 8.2.
  • Thermal Considerations
  • 8.2.1.
  • Mean Temperature
  • 8.2.2.
  • Newton's Law of Cooling
  • 8.2.3.
  • Fully Developed Conditions
  • 8.3.
  • Energy Balance
  • 8.3.1.
  • General Considerations
  • 8.3.2.
  • Constant Surface Heat Flux
  • 8.3.3.
  • Constant Surface Temperature
  • 8.4.
  • Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes: Thermal Analysis and Convection Correlations
  • 8.4.1.
  • Fully Developed Region
  • 8.4.2.
  • Entry Region
  • 8.4.3.
  • Temperature-Dependent Properties
  • 8.5.
  • Convection Correlations: Turbulent How in Circular Tubes
  • 8.6.
  • Convection Correlations: Noncircular Tubes and the Concentric Tube Annulus
  • 8.7.
  • Heat Transfer Enhancement
  • 8.8.
  • Flow in Small Channels
  • 8.8.1.
  • Microscale Convection in Gases (0.1 001b(So001b(Bm [≤] Dh [≤] 100 001b(So001b(Bm)
  • 8.8.2.
  • Microscale Convection in Liquids
  • 8.8.3.
  • Nanoscale Convection (Dh [≤] 100 nm)
  • 8.9.
  • Convection Mass Transfer
  • 8.10.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 9
  • Free Convection
  • 9.1.
  • Physical Considerations
  • 9.2.
  • Governing Equations for Laminar Boundary Layers
  • 9.3.
  • Similarity Considerations
  • 9.4.
  • Laminar Free Convection on a Vertical Surface
  • 9.5.
  • Effects of Turbulence
  • 9.6.
  • Empirical Correlations: External Free Convection Rows
  • 9.6.1.
  • Vertical Plate
  • 9.6.2.
  • Inclined and Horizontal Plates
  • 9.6.3.
  • Long Horizontal Cylinder
  • 9.6.4.
  • Spheres
  • 9.7.
  • Free Convection Within Parallel Plate Channels
  • 9.7.1.
  • Vertical Channels
  • 9.7.2.
  • Inclined Channels
  • 9.8.
  • Empirical Correlations: Enclosures
  • 9.8.1.
  • Rectangular Cavities
  • 9.8.2.
  • Concentric Cylinders
  • 9.8.3.
  • Concentric Spheres
  • 9.9.
  • Combined Free and Forced Convection
  • 9.10.
  • Convection Mass Transfer
  • 9.11.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 10
  • Boiling and Condensation
  • 10.1.
  • Dimensionless Parameters in Boiling and Condensation
  • 10.2.
  • Boiling Modes
  • 10.3.
  • Pool Boiling
  • 10.3.1.
  • Boiling Curve
  • 10.3.2.
  • Modes of Pool Boiling
  • 10.4.
  • Pool Boiling Correlations
  • 10.4.1.
  • Nucleate Pool Boiling
  • 10.4.2.
  • Critical Heat Flux for Nucleate Pool Boiling
  • 10.4.3.
  • Minimum Heat Flux
  • 10.4.4.
  • Film Pool Boiling
  • 10.4.5.
  • Parametric Effects on Pool Boiling
  • 10.5.
  • Forced Convection Boiling
  • 10.5.1.
  • External Forced Convection Boiling
  • 10.5.2.
  • Two-Phase Flow
  • 10.5.3.
  • Two-Phase Flow in Microchannels
  • 10.6.
  • Condensation: Physical Mechanisms
  • 10.7.
  • Laminar Film Condensation on a Vertical Plate
  • 10.8.
  • Turbulent Film Condensation
  • 10.9.
  • Film Condensation on Radial Systems
  • 10.10.
  • Condensation in Horizontal Tubes
  • 10.11.
  • Dropwise Condensation
  • 10.12.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 11
  • Heat Exchangers
  • 11.1.
  • Heat Exchanger Types
  • 11.2.
  • Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
  • 11.3.
  • Heat Exchanger Analysis: Use of the Log Mean Temperature Difference
  • 11.3.1.
  • Parallel-Flow Heat Exchanger
  • 11.3.2.
  • Counterflow Heat Exchanger
  • 11.3.3.
  • Special Operating Conditions
  • 11.4.
  • Heat Exchanger Analysis: The Effectiveness
  • NTU Method
  • Contents note continued:
  • 11.4.1.
  • Definitions
  • 11.4.2.
  • Effectiveness
  • NTU Relations
  • 11.5.
  • Heat Exchanger Design and Performance Calculations
  • 11.6.
  • Additional Considerations
  • 11.7.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • 11S.1.
  • Log Mean Temperature Difference Method for Multipass and Cross-Flow Heat Exchangers
  • 11S.2.
  • Compact Heat Exchangers
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 12
  • Radiation: Processes and Properties
  • 12.1.
  • Fundamental Concepts
  • 12.2.
  • Radiation Heat Fluxes
  • 12.3.
  • Radiation Intensity
  • 12.3.1.
  • Mathematical Definitions
  • 12.3.2.
  • Radiation Intensity and Its Relation to Emission
  • 12.3.3.
  • Relation to Irradiation
  • 12.3.4.
  • Relation to Radiosity for an Opaque Surface
  • 12.3.5.
  • Relation to the Net Radiative Flux for an Opaque Surface
  • 12.4.
  • Blackbody Radiation
  • 12.4.1.
  • Planck Distribution
  • 12.4.2.
  • Wien's Displacement Law
  • 12.4.3.
  • Stefan
  • Boltzmann Law
  • 12.4.4.
  • Band Emission
  • 12.5.
  • Emission from Real Surfaces
  • 12.6.
  • Absorption, Reflection, and Transmission by Real Surfaces
  • 12.6.1.
  • Absorptivity
  • 12.6.2.
  • Reflectivity
  • 12.6.3.
  • Transmissivity
  • 12.6.4.
  • Special Considerations
  • 12.7.
  • Kirchhoff's Law
  • 12.8.
  • Gray Surface
  • 12.9.
  • Environmental Radiation
  • 12.9.1.
  • Solar Radiation
  • 12.9.2.
  • Atmospheric Radiation Balance
  • 12.9.3.
  • Terrestrial Solar Irradiation
  • 12.10.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 13
  • Radiation Exchange Between Surfaces
  • 13.1.
  • View Factor
  • 13.1.1.
  • View Factor Integral
  • 13.1.2.
  • View Factor Relations
  • 13.2.
  • Blackbody Radiation Exchange
  • 13.3.
  • Radiation Exchange Between Opaque, Diffuse, Gray Surfaces in an Enclosure
  • 13.3.1.
  • Net Radiation Exchange at a Surface
  • 13.3.2.
  • Radiation Exchange Between Surfaces
  • 13.3.3.
  • Two-Surface Enclosure
  • 13.3.4.
  • Radiation Shields
  • 13.3.5.
  • Reradiating Surface
  • 13.4.
  • Multimode Heat Transfer
  • 13.5.
  • Implications of the Simplifying Assumptions
  • 13.6.
  • Radiation Exchange with Participating Media
  • 13.6.1.
  • Volumetric Absorption
  • 13.6.2.
  • Gaseous Emission and Absorption
  • 13.7.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • ch. 14
  • Diffusion Mass Transfer
  • 14.1.
  • Physical Origins and Rate Equations
  • 14.1.1.
  • Physical Origins
  • 14.1.2.
  • Mixture Composition
  • 14.1.3.
  • Fick's Law of Diffusion
  • 14.1.4.
  • Mass Diffusivity
  • 14.2.
  • Mass Transfer in Nonstationary Media
  • 14.2.1.
  • Absolute and Diffusive Species Fluxes
  • 14.2.2.
  • Evaporation in a Column
  • 14.3.
  • Stationary Medium Approximation
  • 14.4.
  • Conservation of Species for a Stationary Medium
  • 14.4.1.
  • Conservation of Species for a Control Volume
  • 14.4.2.
  • Mass Diffusion Equation
  • 14.4.3.
  • Stationary Media with Specified Surface Concentrations
  • 14.5.
  • Boundary Conditions and Discontinuous Concentrations at Interfaces
  • 14.5.1.
  • Evaporation and Sublimation
  • 14.5.2.
  • Solubility of Gases in Liquids and Solids
  • 14.5.3.
  • Catalytic Surface Reactions
  • 14.6.
  • Mass Diffusion with Homogeneous Chemical Reactions
  • 14.7.
  • Transient Diffusion
  • 14.8.
  • Summary
  • References
  • Problems
  • Appendix A
  • Thermophysical Properties of Matter
  • Appendix B
  • Mathematical Relations and Functions
  • Appendix C
  • Thermal Conditions Associated with Uniform Energy Generation in One-Dimensional, Steady-State Systems
  • Appendix D
  • Gauss-Seidel Method
  • Appendix E
  • Convection Transfer Equations
  • E.1.
  • Conservation of Mass
  • E.2.
  • Newton's Second Law of Motion
  • E.3.
  • Conservation of Energy
  • E.4.
  • Conservation of Species
  • Appendix F
  • Boundary Layer Equations for Turbulent Flow
  • Appendix G
  • Integral Laminar Boundary Layer Solution for Parallel Flow over a Flat Plate.